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Nicole L Nollen
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Smoking Characteristics and Comorbidities in the Power To Quit Randomized Clinical Trial for Homeless Smokers Principal Investigator Co-Investigators Kate Goldade, PhD; Guy-Lucien Whembolua, PhD; Janet L. Thomas, PhD; Sara Eischen, BA; Hongfei Guo, PhD;;; Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, MD, MPH; Ken Resnicow, PhD; Greg Owen, PhD; Lillian Gelberg, MD, MSPH; Don Des Jarlais, PhD Funding National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (R01HL081522) Overview Smoking prevalence in homeless populations is strikingly high, 70% or greater, however, little is known about effective smoking cessation interventions for this population. By conducting a community-based clinical trial, Power to Quit (PTQ), researchers assessed the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) and nicotine patch (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)) on smoking cessation among homeless smokers. Using a sample size of 430 homeless adult smokers, this study enabled researchers to examine the influence that nicotine dependence, substance abuse, and mental health play in smoking cessation outcomes. Publications.
Goldade K, Whembolua GL, Thomas J, Eischen S, Gelberg L, Des Jarlais D, Grant J, Connett JE, Guo H, Ahluwalia JS, KS Okuyemi. Designing a Smoking Cessation Trial for the Unique Needs of Homeless Persons: A Community Based Randomized Clinical Trial. Clinical Trials: Journal of the Society for Clinical Trials, 2011; 8:744-54. Contribution: Defined intellectual content, conducted literature research manuscript preparation, editing, and review. Impact Factor: 2.632. Goldade K, Whembolua, G, Des Jarlais, D, Owen, G, Okuyemi, KS. Homeless Former Smokers’ Interest in Helping Homeless Current Smokers Quit.
American Journal of Health Promotion. 2012 Nov-Dec;27(2):90-3. Contribution: Data acquisition, manuscript preparation, editing, and review. Impact Factor: 2.37. Insectonator zombie mode bullseye.
Smoking Characteristics and Comorbidities in the Power To Quit Randomized Clinical Trial for Homeless Smokers Principal Investigator Co-Investigators Kate Goldade, PhD; Guy-Lucien Whembolua, PhD; Janet L. Thomas, PhD; Sara Eischen, BA; Hongfei Guo, PhD;;; Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, MD, MPH; Ken Resnicow, PhD; Greg Owen, PhD; Lillian Gelberg, MD, MSPH; Don Des Jarlais, PhD Funding National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (R01HL081522) Overview Smoking prevalence in homeless populations is strikingly high, 70% or greater, however, little is known about effective smoking cessation interventions for this population. By conducting a community-based clinical trial, Power to Quit (PTQ), researchers assessed the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) and nicotine patch (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)) on smoking cessation among homeless smokers. Using a sample size of 430 homeless adult smokers, this study enabled researchers to examine the influence that nicotine dependence, substance abuse, and mental health play in smoking cessation outcomes. Publications. Goldade K, Whembolua GL, Thomas J, Eischen S, Gelberg L, Des Jarlais D, Grant J, Connett JE, Guo H, Ahluwalia JS, KS Okuyemi.
Designing a Smoking Cessation Trial for the Unique Needs of Homeless Persons: A Community Based Randomized Clinical Trial. Clinical Trials: Journal of the Society for Clinical Trials, 2011; 8:744-54. Contribution: Defined intellectual content, conducted literature research manuscript preparation, editing, and review. Impact Factor: 2.632. Html search and replace. Goldade K, Whembolua, G, Des Jarlais, D, Owen, G, Okuyemi, KS. Homeless Former Smokers’ Interest in Helping Homeless Current Smokers Quit.
American Journal of Health Promotion. 2012 Nov-Dec;27(2):90-3. Contribution: Data acquisition, manuscript preparation, editing, and review. Impact Factor: 2.37.
Abstract This study, which tested two motivational interviewing treatment approaches, assessed the feasibility of conducting a community-based smoking cessation intervention among homeless smokers. Participants ( N = 46) were recruited from multiple facilities in the Kansas City area and were randomized to two counseling conditions in which they received five individual motivational interviewing sessions, six group meetings, and their choice of 8 weeks of 21-mg nicotine patch or 4-mg nicotine lozenge.
Clinical Trial
The two counseling conditions consisted of motivational interviewing targeted either to smoking behaviors exclusively (smoking only) or to smoking and other addictions or life events that could affect ability to quit (smoking plus). Group meetings were designed to provide educational information and social support. Measures of feasibility assessed included the proportion of participants who returned for randomization among those eligible, adherence to prescribed nicotine replacement therapies, retention rates at the week 26 final study visit, and biochemically verified 7-day abstinence at week 26. Most participants (69.6%) chose nicotine patches, and 32% of those participants reported using at least four patches per week.
Carbon monoxide verified 7-day abstinence rates in the smoking-only and smoking-plus groups were 13.04% and 17.39% ( ns), respectively, at week 8 and 8.70% and 17.39% ( ns), respectively, at week 26. Participants who used at least four patches per week were more likely to have quit at 8 weeks than were those who used fewer patches (33.3% vs. 10.5%, p =.30). Results support the feasibility of conducting a smoking cessation intervention among homeless smokers.
Kolawole S Okuyemi
Findings also show promising effects for nicotine replacement therapy and counseling in this population. Developing programs to improve smoking cessation outcomes in underserved populations is an essential step toward achieving national health objectives and for ultimately reducing tobacco-related health disparities.